Predictors of Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors in Iranian Population over 15 Years Old: An Application of Health Belief Model

Background and purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the new corona virus. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of COVID-19 prevention behaviors in an Iranian population based on the health belief model. Materials and methods: This descriptive analytical (cross-sectional) study was performed in 1020 people older than 15 years of age in Iran in 2020 selected via convenience sampling. Data were collected through an online survey using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model. Data analysis was done in SPSS applying correlation coefficients and linear regression tests. Results: Frequent prevention behaviors of COVID-19 included using personal items at home and work (83.7%), following the precautionary measures presented in mass media (80.2%), and not leaving the house except in necessary cases (67.6%). There were significant correlations between all constructs of health belief model and performance, except for perceived barriers and perceived severity) (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the predictive role of prevention behaviors of COVID-19 based on health belief model, this model can be used in educational and interventional programs.